AutismKB 2.0

Syndromic Autism Gene List


Some autism cases are observed in the context of a recognized syndrome (e.g., the fragile X syndrome) with known causal genes. These 99 genes were classified as syndromic autism genes in AutismKB.
This dataset comes from Catalina Betancur's review published in Brain Research in 2011(Betancur, 2011)

Refrence:
Betancur, C. (2011). Etiological heterogeneity in autism spectrum disorders: more than 100 genetic and genomic disorders and still counting. Brain Res 1380, 42-77.

Abbreviations: AD, autosomal dominant; AR, autosomal recessive; ASD, autism spectrum disorder; ID, intellectual disability; XL, X linked.
Gene_ID Gene_Symbol Band Gene Name Inheritance Disorder OMIM Detail
AutG23096 IQSEC2 Xp11.22 IQ motif and Sec7 domain 2 XL Non-syndromic X-linked IDMental retardation, X-linked 1 (309530)
  • Description: Non-syndromic X-linked ID; mutations in 4 large pedigrees, 2 of which include individuals with ASD/autistic traits.
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 20473311;
AutG2245 FGD1 Xp11.22 FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 1 XL Aarskog-Scott syndromeAarskog-Scott syndrome (305400)
  • Description: Aarskog-Scott syndrome (faciogenital dysplasia); non-syndromic X-linked ID. Four cases with a clinical diagnosis of Aarskog-Scott syndrome and ASD/autistic features have been described (not confirmed molecularly).
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 10382140; 18577494;
AutG4983 OPHN1 Xq12 oligophrenin 1 XL XLMR with cerebellar hypoplasia and distinctive facial appearanceMental retardation, X-linked, with cerebellar hypoplasia and distinctive facial appearance (300486)
  • Description: ID with cerebellar and vermis hypoplasia.
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 20528889; 17333282;
AutG9968 MED12 Xq13.1 mediator complex subunit 12 XL Lujan-Fryns syndromeLujan-Fryns syndrome (309520)
  • Description: Lujan-Fryns syndrome (X-linked ID with marfanoid habitus); 62.5% (20/32) of subjects with Lujan-Fryns syndrome have an autistic-like disorder.
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 17036352; 17369503; 8725750; 16094260;
AutG546 ATRX Xq21.1 alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked XL ATRX syndromeAlpha-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome (301040)
  • Description: Large spectrum of phenotypes including ATRX syndrome (alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked) and non-syndromic X-linked ID.
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 16722615; 20500465; -;
AutG57526 PCDH19 Xq22.1 protocadherin 19 XL Sporadic infantile epileptic encephalopathyEpileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 9 (300088)
  • Description: X-linked female-limited epilepsy and cognitive impairment; ASD/autistic features are common: 22% (6/27) and 38% (5/13) in two studies.
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 19214208; 18469813; 19752159; 20830798; 20713952; 18234694;
AutG2182 ACSL4 Xq23 acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 XL Non-syndromic X-linked IDMental retardation, X-linked nonspecific, 63 (300387)
  • Description: Non-syndromic X-linked ID.
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 12525535; 11889465;
AutG1641 DCX Xq23 doublecortin XL Type 1 lissencephalyLissencephaly, X-linked (300067)
  • Description: Type 1 lissencephaly.
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 18685874; 11711858;
AutG186 AGTR2 Xq23 angiotensin II receptor, type 2 XL Non-syndromic X-linked IDMental retardation, X-linked 88 (300852)
  • Description: Non-syndromic X-linked ID.
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 12089445;
AutG65109 UPF3B Xq24 UPF3 regulator of nonsense transcripts homolog B (yeast) XL Non-syndromic X-linked IDMental retardation, X-linked, syndromic 14 (300676)
  • Description: Non-syndromic X-linked ID with or without autism.
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 20820168; 19238151;
AutG2892 GRIA3 Xq25 glutamate receptor, ionotrophic, AMPA 3 XL Non-syndromic X-linked IDMental retardation, X-linked 94 (300699)
  • Description: Non-syndromic X-linked ID; mutations as well as 3 cases of partial duplication of GRIA3 have been reported in patients with autism or autistic behavior.
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 17568425; 19736351; 16840569; 17989220;
AutG4952 OCRL Xq26.1 oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe XL Lowe syndromeLowe syndrome (309000)
  • Description: Lowe syndrome or oculo-cerebro-renal syndrome (ID, bilateral cataract and renal Fanconi syndrome).
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 15781943; 8703225;
AutG10479 SLC9A6 Xq26.3 solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), member 6 XL mental retardation, microcephaly, epilepsy, and ataxiaMental retardation, X-linked syndromic, Christianson type (300243)
  • Description: Syndromic X-linked ID, Christianson type (ID, microcephaly, epilepsy, and ataxia).
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 20395263;
AutG9459 ARHGEF6 Xq26.3 Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 6 XL X-linked forms of mental retardationMental retardation, X-linked nonspecific, type 46 (300436)
  • Description: Non-syndromic X-linked ID.
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 11017088; 9783701;
AutG2334 AFF2 Xq28 AF4/FMR2 family, member 2 XL Fragile X mental retardation 2 (FRAXE)Mental retardation, X-linked, FRAXE type (309548)
  • Description: Fragile X mental retardation 2 (FRAXE).
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 9034011; 9032643; 9602188;
AutG6535 SLC6A8 Xq28 solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, creatine), member 8 XL creatine transporter deficiencyCreatine deficiency syndrome, X-linked (300352)
  • Description: Creatine deficiency syndrome; non-syndromic ID. Brain creatine deficiency can be caused by mutation in the creatine transporter gene SLC6A8, or by defects in the biosynthesis of creatine (GAMT and GATM genes); mutations in all three genes have been reported in ASD; ASD/autistic features appear to be frequent in creatine deficiency syndromes.
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 12210795; 17101918; 16601898; 19165619; 19319661;
AutG3897 L1CAM Xq28 L1 cell adhesion molecule XL severe mental retardation, spastic paraparesis, adducted thumbs, agenesis of corpus callosum and microcephalyMASA syndrome (303350)
  • Description: Syndromic X-linked ID, MASA (mental retardation, aphasia, shuffling gait, and adducted thumbs) syndrome.
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 16816908;
AutG116442 RAB39B Xq28 RAB39B, member RAS oncogene family XL X-linked mental retardationMental retardation, X-linked-72 (300271)
  • Description: X-linked ID associated with autism, epilepsy, and macrocephaly in two large pedigrees.
  • Evidence Level: Level 3: The gene has been reported in more than one family with ASD/autistic features, but the disorder hasn't been a generally acknowledged ASD related disorder.
  • Reference(s): 20159109;
AutG8905 AP1S2 Xp22.2 adaptor-related protein complex 1, sigma 2 subunit XL X-linked mental retardation syndromeMental retardation, X-linked 59 (300630)
  • Description: X-linked ID and autism syndrome characterized by hypotonia, speech delay, aggressive behavior, and brain calcifications.
  • Evidence Level: Level 2: The gene has been reported in a single family with 2-3 males with ASD/autistic features. Additional evidences are needed.
  • Reference(s): 18428203;
AutG23133 PHF8 Xp11.22 PHD finger protein 8 XL Siderius-Hamel syndrome (ID with cleft lip or cleft palate)Mental retardation syndrome, X-linked, Siderius type (300263)
  • Description: Siderius-Hamel syndrome (ID with cleft lip or cleft palate).
  • Evidence Level: Level 2: The gene has been reported in a single family with 2-3 males with ASD/autistic features. Additional evidences are needed.
  • Reference(s): 18498374;
Page Counts: 4/5  
4 First  Previous  3  4  5  Next  Last

Simple Query:


  (e.g. CHD8)

Syndromic Genes

Non-syndromic Genes

AutismKB Statistics

  • Studies: 1,036
  • Genes: 1,379
  • CNVs/SVs: 5,420
  • SNVs/Indels: 11,669
  • de novo Mutations: 5,669
  • Mosaics: 789
  • Linkage Regions: 172
  • Paper Collected: 6/30/2018
  • Last Update: 8/26/2018